因為C-3連接的基團不同，所以A環(huán)和9, 19-環(huán)丙基環(huán)上的H與C數(shù)據(jù)不一樣，而C環(huán)、D環(huán)及21、23側(cè)鏈數(shù)據(jù)基本一致。通過1H-1H COSY和HSQC圖譜解析，對化合物2的NMR譜中氫及其直接相連的碳信號進行了確定。在化合物2中H1-3與A環(huán)上C-1、C-2、C-3、C-4、C-27和C-28以及H2-19與C-9、C-10、C-5、C-8、C-1在HMBC光譜中的程相關(guān)性所證實的。綜上所述，將化合物2鑒定為cycloartan-1,24-diene-3-ol，為新化合物。在ROESY譜中顯示H-5/H3-29、H-5/H-7α、H-7α/H3-30、H-8/H3-18、H-8/H-19β、H-19β/H3-28相關(guān)，證明 H-5、H3-29、H3-30為α構(gòu)型，H-8、H3-18、H3-28為β構(gòu)型；H-3/H-5相關(guān)，說明C-3位上的羥基為β構(gòu)型。

化合物3無色膠狀固體，茴香醛-10%硫酸乙醇溶液顯色呈藍色。HR-ESI-MS m/z 441.37271 +，分子式為C30 H49 O2。1H-NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz)δH:3.24(1H, dd, J=10.6, 5.4Hz,CH-3),1.02(1H,m,CH-5),1.70(1H,m,CH-17),0.88(3H,s,CH3-18),1.20(3H,s, CH3-19),1.20(3H,s,CH3-19),0.83(3H, s, CH3-29),1.00(3H, s, CH3-30);13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δC:35.12(C-1),28.36(C-2),78.92(C-3),39.01(C-4),51.75(C-5),18.10(C-6),29.75(C-7),161.42(C-8),139.61(C-9),37.15(C-10),199.14(C-11),51.27(C-12),44.67(C-13),51.20(C-14),30.05(C-15),27.54(C-16),50.52(C-17),17.72(C-18),19.97(C-19),35.87(C-20),18.48(C-21),37.15(C-22),28.36(C-23),124.72(C-24),131.29(C-25),25.76(C-26),18.48(C-27),24.24(C-28),15.76(C-29),25.19(C-30)。以上波譜數(shù)據(jù)與文獻的數(shù)據(jù)基本一致，故鑒定該化合物為3β-hydroxy-lanosta-8,24-diene-11-one。

化合物4白色膠狀固體，茴香醛-10%硫酸乙醇溶液顯色呈紫紅色。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δH: 0.88(3H,s, CH3-30), 0.73(3H, s, CH3-18), 1.05(3H, d,J=6.6Hz, CH3-21), 0.94(3H, s, CH3-19), 3.23(1H, dd, J=11.5,4.5Hz,CH-3),0.80(3H,s,CH3-29); 13C-NMR (CDCl3,100MHz)δC:35.08(C-1),27.54(C-2),78.84(C-3),38.86(C-4),50.83(C-5),18.80(C-6),27.27(C-7),133.03(C-8),134.25(C-9),37.22(C-10),21.22(C-11),29.94(C-12),44.21(C-13),49.64(C-14),29.65(C-15),27.98(C-16),50.15(C-17),15.98(C-18),20.09(C-19),40.99(C-20),20.19(C-21),165.19(C-22),130.69(C-23),194.45(C-24),27.81(C-28),15.48(C-29),24.23(C-30)。以上波譜數(shù)據(jù)與文獻的數(shù)據(jù)基本一致，故鑒定該化合物為lnonotusane C。

化合物5淡黃色膠狀固體，茴香醛-10%硫酸乙醇溶液顯色呈藍色。ESI-MS m/z 455+，分子式為C30H46O3。1H-NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz)δH: 1.10(3H,s,CH3-30), 0.82(3H, s, CH3-18), 0.91(3H, d, J=6.4Hz,CH3-21), 1.32(3H,s, CH3-19), 1.04(3H, s, CH3-28), 1.62(3H, s, CH3-27), 3.32(1H, dd, J=12.0, 4.8Hz, CH-3),5.08(1H, t, J=7.1Hz, CH-24);13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δC:33.82(C-1),27.52(C-2),78.86(C-3),39.49(C-4),48.37(C-5),35.69(C-6),199.86(C-7),149.73(C-8),154.66(C-9),37.94(C-10),202.02(C-11),51.44(C-12),44.99(C-13),47.8(C-14), 31.68(C-15),28.10(C-16),49.27(C-17),18.34(C-18),19.67(C-19),35.04(C-20),18.40(C-21),35.63(C-22),25.04(C-23),124.48(C-24),131.34(C-25),25.68(C-26),17.63(C-27),27.52(C-28),14.99(C-29),23.95(C-30)。以上波譜數(shù)據(jù)與文獻的數(shù)據(jù)基本一致，故鑒定該化合物為eupha-8,24-diene-3β-ol-7,11-dione。

化合物6白色針狀結(jié)晶，茴香醛-10%硫酸乙醇溶液顯色呈紫紅色。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δH:1.08(3H, s, CH3-30), 0.92(3H, s, CH3-18), 0.89(3H, d,J= 6.6 Hz,CH3-21), 1.31(3H, s, CH3-19), 3.30(1H, dd, J=10.4, 5.9Hz,CH-3), 0.90(3H,s,CH3-29)；13C-NMR (CDCl3,150MHz)δC:34.04(C-1),27.73(C-2),78.09(C-3),38.72(C-4),48.61(C-5),35.90(C-6),200.07(C-7),149.92(C-8),154.96(C-9),38.19(C-10),202.17(C-11),51.58(C-12),45.28(C-13),47.89(C-14), 31.98(C-15),28.06(C-16),49.44(C-17),18.46(C-18),17.90(C-19),36.27(C-20),18.41(C-21),34.70(C-22),31.38(C-23),156.58(C-24),33.94(C-25),22.13(C-26),22.99(C-27),27.73(C-28),15.19(C-29),24.11(C-30),106.37(C-31)。以上波譜數(shù)據(jù)與文獻的數(shù)據(jù)基本一致，故鑒定該化合物為eupha-24-methylene-8-ene-3β-ol-7,11-dione。

化合物7白色膠狀固體，茴香醛-10%硫酸乙醇溶液顯色呈紫紅色。ESI-MS m/z457 +，分子式為C30H49O3。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δH:3.34(1H,dd,J=9.4,6.5 Hz,CH-3),1.66(1H,m,CH-5),1.59(1H,m,CH-17),0.73(3H,s,CH3-18),1.28(3H,s,CH3-19),1.48(1H,m,CH-20),0.89(3H,d,J=6.5Hz,CH3-21),1.71(3H,s,CH3-26),1.63(3H,s,CH3-27),1.01(3H,s,CH3-28),0.93(3H,s,CH3-29),1.16(3H,s,CH3-30);13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz)δC:33.70(C-1),27.41(C-2),78.30(C-3),39.12(C-4),48.26(C-5),35.90(C-6),200.20(C-7),140.48(C-8),161.26(C-9),39.62(C-10),68.22(C-11),42.88(C-12),46.21(C-13),48.06(C-14),31.84(C-15),27.91(C-16),48.70(C-17),16.28(C-18),19.74(C-19),35.70(C-20),18.84(C-21),35.70(C-22),24.86(C-23),124.93(C-24),131.23(C-25),25.83(C-26),17.79(C-27),27.65(C-28),15.27(C-29),25.77(C-30)。以上波譜數(shù)據(jù)與文獻的數(shù)據(jù)基本一致，故鑒定該化合物為eupha-8,24-diene-3β,11β-diol-7-one。

4 討論

大戟脂中含三萜化合物主要的類型為甘遂烷型、大戟烷型及相應(yīng)的降三萜。本實驗對大戟脂中的三萜類化合物進行研究，從中分離得到了2個新的三萜化合物，2個化合物皆為環(huán)阿爾廷烷型。環(huán)阿爾廷烷基本骨架與羊毛脂烷很相似，差別僅在于環(huán)阿爾廷烷C-10位相連的甲基與C-9位脫氫形成三元碳環(huán)，C-3位羥基大多與乙酸形成乙酸酯，C-17位的取代側(cè)鏈由于雙鍵位置和羥基取代位置的變化而使結(jié)構(gòu)變得更為復(fù)雜。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對此類型的某些三萜的抗病毒、抗菌抗炎、抗腫瘤、免疫調(diào)節(jié)、肝損傷保護和心血管系統(tǒng)等方面的生物活性給予了很大的關(guān)注。因此，希望從大戟脂中分離出多樣性成分，尤其是具有多樣性骨架類型的三萜類成分，以期能夠從中發(fā)現(xiàn)具有新穎骨架從而為新藥研發(fā)提供新的結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)。

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相關(guān)鏈接：化合物，乙醇，光譜